On June 26, 2019, Roman Makhnev, 43, was handcuffed to a pipe in the Federal Security Service (FSB) building in Kaluga and left in that position until the next morning. After a sleepless night, he was subjected to “investigative actions.” For three days, June 26, 27, and 28, he was provided no food. It was only on June 29 that he was first fed breakfast.